CORRELATION BETWEEN ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST RESULTS AND MATERNAL-NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AT THAI BINH OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY HOSPITAL IN 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that is increasing globally and can cause many adverse outcomes for both mother and baby.

Objective: Describe the characteristics and scientific results of pregnant women undergoing gestational diabetes mellitus (DM); investigate the association between oral glucose tolerance test results and maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women with GDM at Thai Binh Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2023.

Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study using retrospective data and was conducted on 168 pregnant women with GDM diagnosed from January to December 2023. The pregnant women were diagnosed with GDM according to WHO criteria and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks of gestation.

Results: The average age of pregnant women was 32.4 ± 6.4 years, with approximately 20.8% having a history of miscarriage or stillbirth and 14.9% having given birth to a large baby. Common obstetric complications included preterm birth (10.71%), polyhydramnios (8.93%), and hypertension or preeclampsia (1.79% each). For the fetus, adverse outcomes included neonatal hospitalization (4.16%), macrosomia (11.66%), microsomia (3.68%), and stillbirth (0.6%).

Conclusion: Glycemic thresholds at diagnosis during the oral glucose tolerance testplay a crucial role in predicting the risk of fetal complications, particularly macrosomia.